Repeating patterns catch the eye, and the Kaleidoscope effect certainly provides plenty of repeating patterns. Kaleidoscopes use angled mirrors to produce repeated patterns (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaleidoscope), but this effect is easily achieved also in software like Photoshop or GIMP.
There are lots of guides online on how to make Kaleidoscope effects using Photoshop. John Crawford made the image below from an close-up image of a butterfly wing using the instructions from https://expertphotography.com/kaleidoscope-effect-photoshop/ .
If you want to make Kaleidoscope images there are other approaches. I had a play with the image filters from G’MIC (GREYC’s Magic for Image Computing, a full-featured Open-Source framework for image processing https://gmic.eu). Among the many filters available are several that generate interesting Kaleidoscope effects. Here are some that I made as I tried out these filters (original image left, then some kaleidoscopic variations).
